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新生兒獨(dú)有的奇趣現(xiàn)象 逐一解密(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng) 日期：2015-01-13 11:58:34 編輯：Chen

怪現(xiàn)象3 呼吸不規(guī)律

解密：正常新生兒出生后，立即開始呼吸。由于新生兒的鼻腔、咽、氣管、支氣管均較狹小，胸部的肌肉尚不夠發(fā)達(dá)，肺部彈力組織發(fā)育也不完全，因此，新生兒呼吸主要靠膈肌的升降，以腹式呼吸為主，而胸廓運(yùn)動(dòng)較淺，呼吸時(shí)肚子一鼓一癟，看起來好像是用肚子在呼吸。

根據(jù)這一特點(diǎn)，可以通過看寶寶腹部運(yùn)動(dòng)來數(shù)呼吸次數(shù)。新生兒呼吸時(shí)，每次吸入或呼出的氣量較少，但他們機(jī)體所需的氧氣量并不少，所以只好通過加快呼吸頻率來彌補(bǔ)每次吸入氣量的不足。

正常新生兒每分鐘呼吸35～45次。由于新生兒呼吸中樞還不夠健全，所以會(huì)出現(xiàn)呼吸節(jié)律不規(guī)則，有呼吸深淺交替或快慢不均的現(xiàn)象，入睡后更明顯，這都是正常的。但如果寶寶呼吸暫停超過20秒或者出現(xiàn)臉色發(fā)青、發(fā)紫的現(xiàn)象就要及時(shí)去醫(yī)院看醫(yī)生。

怪現(xiàn)象4 總是用力地“抻”胳膊“抻”腿

解密：寶寶之所以會(huì)有這樣的動(dòng)作有很多原因，原因之一是：寶寶通過這種方式來幫助自己排氣。我們都知道新生兒的腸道發(fā)育還不完善，容易有脹氣的情況出現(xiàn)，無論是通過打嗝還是放屁的方式將脹氣排出，都會(huì)令寶寶感到舒服一些，而他“抻”來“抻”去的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式也有利于胃腸蠕動(dòng)，加速脹氣的排出。

原因之二是：這是寶寶緩解快速生長給自己帶來不適的一種方式。剛剛出生后的一個(gè)月，是寶寶生長最快速的時(shí)期，正常情況下，寶寶在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)增長7～8厘米，除了骨骼在24小時(shí)不停地生長以外，附著在骨骼上的肌肉、韌帶包括皮膚組織也在生長，這種快速生長會(huì)令寶寶感到不太舒服，“抻”胳膊“抻”腿就是寶寶緩解這種不適的表現(xiàn)。

此外，3個(gè)月以前的寶寶還不會(huì)翻身，而“抻”來“抻”去也就成了寶寶自發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)的一種方式。

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