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護(hù)理新生寶寶的N個(gè)疑問逐個(gè)破(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng) 日期：2015-05-29 12:14:32 編輯：Chen

胎便呈墨綠粘稠狀

新生兒胎便顏色一般為墨綠色，光滑粘稠狀，并不好清理，這是寶寶在媽媽肚子里吞入羊水中的沉淀物積下來而形成的，分娩后，嬰兒開始吃母乳，一般3天后大便轉(zhuǎn)為黃色，胎便次數(shù)沒有限制，排完即可；一般胎便100~200g，不是1次排完，可能分2-3次排完。

小提示：在醫(yī)院我們提倡每天母乳喂養(yǎng)新生兒8~12次，一次大概20~30分鐘，每次一邊的乳房喂養(yǎng)10~15分鐘就足夠了，孩子習(xí)慣含著奶頭睡覺，這是不好的習(xí)慣。

新生兒的睡眠護(hù)理

睡覺時(shí)無需喚醒喂奶

新生兒每天平均睡眠時(shí)間需要18個(gè)小時(shí)，每個(gè)睡眠周期約45分鐘，在一個(gè)睡眠周期，淺睡眠和深睡眠各占一半，新生兒大部分時(shí)間都是在睡覺，由一個(gè)睡眠周期進(jìn)入到另一個(gè)睡眠周期。一般餓了或者需要排尿，每2~4個(gè)小時(shí)就會(huì)醒來吃奶或小便，新生兒晝夜節(jié)律尚未建立，生物鐘不需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整，順其自然就好。

身體及環(huán)境不適影響睡眠

新生兒睡眠不好一般都是因?yàn)轶w內(nèi)不舒服。在寶寶護(hù)理過程中，新媽媽新爸爸需要觀察寶寶為何睡眠不好、是否因?yàn)楹⒆羽I了、是不是夏天室內(nèi)不開空調(diào)溫度太高導(dǎo)致孩子太熱、或者是尿布濕了孩子想排便、會(huì)不會(huì)孩子發(fā)燒了，這些父母都需要仔細(xì)觀察，保證給新生兒提供一個(gè)舒適的睡眠環(huán)境。如果睡眠不好會(huì)影響孩子的發(fā)育和成長。

母乳喂養(yǎng)寶寶無需補(bǔ)鈣

新生兒時(shí)期一般不需要補(bǔ)鈣。由于母親在分娩時(shí)丟失的鈣量比較多，母親需要補(bǔ)鈣，新生兒可通過母乳喂養(yǎng)獲得充分的鈣量；如乳汁不夠，可額外添加配方奶來補(bǔ)充新生兒的鈣量；新生兒可通過曬太陽促進(jìn)補(bǔ)鈣，通過天然的補(bǔ)鈣方法，純母乳喂養(yǎng)的新生兒不需要通過額外補(bǔ)鈣即可獲得充分的鈣量。

入睡時(shí)切勿堵住口鼻

新生兒睡姿有很多種：仰臥、側(cè)臥、俯臥，各有利弊，交替更換即可。俯臥時(shí)應(yīng)注意不要堵住寶寶的口鼻，影響呼吸；剛吃飽的寶寶最好豎起來拍拍后背，讓孩子打嗝后再入睡；最好側(cè)著睡，便于孩子溢奶可從嘴角流出；建議1-3個(gè)月的寶寶睡覺可不用枕頭，若是為了防止溢奶，可將孩子背部以上的上半身適當(dāng)墊高，當(dāng)寶寶開始用枕頭時(shí)，枕頭高度不建議超過四公分，選擇吸汗功能較好的。

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