媽媽育兒網(wǎng)
當(dāng)前位置: 主頁(yè) > 新生兒 > 新生兒護(hù)理 > BB出生12小時(shí)內(nèi)要做這6件事

BB出生12小時(shí)內(nèi)要做這6件事

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng) 日期：2015-11-23 13:08:52 編輯：Chen

對(duì)于媽媽來說，寶寶的出生就猶如一次大“卸貨”。但對(duì)于寶寶而言，卻是生命的開始，對(duì)于這個(gè)世界的一切，都是那么新鮮，那么的迫不及待。

因?yàn)檫@個(gè)世界太新鮮了，他得迅速喚醒身體的各項(xiàng)機(jī)能來適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。我們一起來看看忙碌的寶寶們?cè)谏畛醯?2個(gè)小時(shí)都干了些什么吧!

娩出一瞬間：用啼哭宣告獨(dú)立

啼哭大多數(shù)時(shí)候被看成是一種宣言，它向媽媽、醫(yī)生昭示著這個(gè)寶寶已經(jīng)降臨人世。醫(yī)生通常會(huì)根據(jù)新生兒啼哭的聲音大小、強(qiáng)弱來判斷寶寶的健康狀況，一般而言足月兒哭聲洪亮，早產(chǎn)兒則哭聲較為微弱，有先天性心臟病或呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病的新生兒哭聲則十分弱小。

胎兒在母體內(nèi)時(shí)，肺內(nèi)充滿液體，并不是依靠呼吸進(jìn)行氣體交換，而是依靠胎盤循環(huán)來進(jìn)行的。胎兒從母體娩出之后，外界的空氣迅速進(jìn)入新生兒的肺部，心臟內(nèi)的卵圓孔關(guān)閉肺泡開始擴(kuò)張，小嬰兒才開始了他的第一次呼吸!這個(gè)過程之中，寶寶的聲帶受到刺激發(fā)出聲音，即產(chǎn)生我們所聽到的“第一聲啼哭”。

從某種程度上而言，寶寶啼哭是一種自我求生意識(shí)的體現(xiàn)：通過張大嘴巴讓空氣進(jìn)入體內(nèi)激活呼吸系統(tǒng)，才能夠保證自己在這個(gè)世界上存活。這是嬰兒走向“獨(dú)立生活”的第一步。

BB出生12小時(shí)內(nèi)要做這6件事

斷臍：寶寶不會(huì)感覺到疼痛

臍帶是胎生哺乳動(dòng)物從母體獲得養(yǎng)分的紐帶，出生之后都要面臨著“斷臍”這個(gè)過程，除人類之外的哺乳動(dòng)物一般由母親咬斷臍帶并用嘴巴舔舐消毒，新生動(dòng)物的臍帶殘端會(huì)自然風(fēng)干并脫落。人類則會(huì)由醫(yī)生在胎兒娩出后幾分鐘內(nèi)迅速結(jié)扎并剪斷。

關(guān)于斷臍先后的問題，媽媽們的認(rèn)知出現(xiàn)過兩次戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變。最初人們都主張新生兒出生之后立即剪斷臍帶，因?yàn)閾?dān)心晚剪臍帶會(huì)導(dǎo)致嬰兒感染黃疸或罹患紅細(xì)胞過多癥。

后來科學(xué)研究表明這僅僅是一個(gè)誤讀，出生后新生兒臍帶晚剪斷兩分鐘，反而能夠使臍帶中的造血干細(xì)胞更多的流向新生兒，這些流向新生兒的臍帶血中含有的鐵元素能夠保證寶寶在出生后的半年內(nèi)不會(huì)貧血。

臍帶是由非常柔軟的膠樣結(jié)締組織包裹著一條臍靜脈和兩條臍動(dòng)脈組成的，這種結(jié)締組織非常神奇：摸起來就像一個(gè)被水泡軟的橡皮球一樣，特別有彈性而且非常堅(jiān)韌。剪斷臍帶時(shí)寶寶和媽媽都不會(huì)感覺到疼痛，因?yàn)槟殠戏植嫉闹挥醒芏鴽]有神經(jīng)，它是純粹意義上的一個(gè)養(yǎng)分輸送通道。

在國(guó)外，剪斷臍帶通常是作為一種神奇的儀式，由孩子的父親進(jìn)行的。不用擔(dān)心美觀問題，因?yàn)檠芯勘砻鲾嗄殨r(shí)候的斷面跟寶寶日后的肚臍形狀沒有關(guān)系，這只取決于遺傳因素。

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