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抗生素藥有哪些危害 告訴你抗生素的使用原則(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2016-02-18 17:27:12編輯：admin

（五）嚴格控制預防用抗生素的范圍在下列情況下可采用預防治療：

1．風濕熱病人，定期采用青霉素G，以消滅咽部溶血鏈球菌，防止風濕熱復發(fā)。

2．風濕性或先天性心臟病進行手術前后用青霉素G或其它適當?shù)目股?，以防止亞急性細菌性心?nèi)膜炎的發(fā)生。

3．感染灶切除時，依治病菌的敏感性而選用適當?shù)目股亍?/p>

4．戰(zhàn)傷或復合外傷后，采用青霉素G或四環(huán)素族以防止氣性壞疽。

抗生素藥有哪些危害 告訴你抗生素的使用原則

5．結腸手術前采用卡那霉素，新霉素等作腸道準備。

6．嚴重燒傷后，在植皮前應用青霉素G消滅創(chuàng)面的溶血性鏈球菌感染?；虬磩?chuàng)面細菌和藥敏結果采用適當?shù)目股胤乐箶⊙Y的發(fā)生。

7．慢性支氣管炎及支氣擴張癥患者，可在冬季預防性應用抗生素（限于門診）。

8．顱腦術前1天應用抗生素；可預防感染。

（六）強調綜合治療的重要性在應用抗生素治療感染性疾病的過程中，應充分認識到人體防御機制的重要性，不能過分依賴抗生素的功效而忽視了人體內(nèi)在的因素，當人體免疫球蛋白的質量和數(shù)量不足、細胞免疫功能低下，或吞噬細胞性能與質量不足時，抗生素治療則難以奏效。

因此，在應用抗生素的同時應盡最大努力使病人全身狀況得到改善；采取各種綜合措施，以提高機體低抗能力，如降低病人過高的體溫；注意飲食和休息；糾正水、電解質和堿平衡失調；改善微循環(huán)；補充血容量；以及處理原發(fā)性疾病和局部病灶等。

連續(xù)使用抗生素不宜超過一周！

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