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兔死狐悲的故事 兒童必讀的經(jīng)典小故事（文字版）

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2016-09-08 16:38:37編輯：橙子

適合兒童的經(jīng)典故事有很多，讓孩子們聽(tīng)了還想聽(tīng)、百聽(tīng)不厭的故事也有很多。 但是像《兔死狐悲》這種讓現(xiàn)代人錯(cuò)用的成語(yǔ)典故確實(shí)少有。大家都以為故事中的狐貍是在假仁假義，裝作傷心。但事實(shí)上，故事中的狐貍其實(shí)是真悲傷。

之所以大家會(huì)把兔死狐悲錯(cuò)用，也許是現(xiàn)代人童話故事看多了的原故吧。在人們的印象當(dāng)中一直認(rèn)為，狐貍和兔子應(yīng)該是天敵，怎么可能成為好朋友呢？所以，就算兔子死了，狐貍也不可能真為它傷心難過(guò)。

成語(yǔ)故事——兔死狐悲

從前，有一只兔子和一只狐貍,它們有一個(gè)共同的敵人就是獵人，兔子和狐貍互相結(jié)盟，發(fā)誓一定要同生死，共患難。有一天，兔子和狐貍在田野里享受大自然的美景的時(shí)候，沒(méi)想到身邊竟然有一群獵人正對(duì)它們兩個(gè)虎視眈眈，獵人一箭就射死了兔子，狐貍僥幸逃脫。獵人離開(kāi)后，狐貍就跑到兔子的身邊開(kāi)始哭泣。

有一個(gè)人路過(guò)，看見(jiàn)狐貍正對(duì)著兔子大哭，感覺(jué)很奇怪，就走上前問(wèn)狐貍為什么要哭。狐貍啜泣道：“我和兔子我們兩個(gè)都是森林中微小的動(dòng)物，都是獵人喜歡獵殺的對(duì)象，我們?cè)?jīng)約定一定要共同對(duì)抗我們的敵人獵人，生死與共。

現(xiàn)在我的同盟兔子不幸被獵人殺死了，兔子今天死去，也就預(yù)示著他日我的死去。我們是真正的好朋友。你說(shuō)你的好朋友死去了，你能不傷心難過(guò)嗎？”路人聽(tīng)后嘆了嘆氣說(shuō)：“你為你的同盟，你的好朋友哀悼和哭泣是有道理的。”

 "兔死狐悲"這個(gè)成語(yǔ)就是由這個(gè)故事而來(lái)的，表示對(duì)同盟的死亡的不幸或傷心。當(dāng)初兔子和狐貍結(jié)成聯(lián)盟共同對(duì)抗獵人，兔子死了狐貍因?yàn)槭ッ擞讯瘋?/p>

這就是兔死狐悲這個(gè)成語(yǔ)的典故來(lái)源，多用于表示對(duì)同盟的死亡火不幸感到很傷心。但是隨著演變，兔死狐悲多用于貶義。

成語(yǔ)典故

出處

南宋時(shí)期，處在金朝統(tǒng)治下的山東農(nóng)民，紛紛掀起抗金斗爭(zhēng)的浪潮。其中最著名的有楊安兒、李全等領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的幾支紅襖軍。

起義軍遭到金軍的鎮(zhèn)壓，楊安兒犧牲。楊安兒的妹妹楊妙真（號(hào)四娘子）率領(lǐng)起義軍從益都轉(zhuǎn)移到莒縣，繼續(xù)斗爭(zhēng)。后來(lái)?xiàng)蠲钫婧屠钊Y(jié)為夫妻，兩支部隊(duì)匯合。公元1218年，他們投附宋朝，駐扎在楚州（現(xiàn)在江蘇省淮安縣）。此后，李全抱有發(fā)展個(gè)人實(shí)力、割據(jù)一方的野心，公元1227年4月被南下的蒙古軍包圍，城破投降。

公元1227年2月，宋朝派太尉夏全領(lǐng)兵進(jìn)攻楚州，楊妙真派人去爭(zhēng)取夏全，對(duì)夏全說(shuō)：“你不也是從山東率眾歸附宋朝的嗎？如今你卻帶兵來(lái)攻打我們。打個(gè)比方說(shuō)，兔子死了，狐貍感到悲傷哭泣；如果李全滅亡了，難道獨(dú)有你夏全能生存嗎？希望將軍和我們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。”夏全同意了。

往后，《元曲選·無(wú)名氏〈賺蒯通〉四》里說(shuō)：“今日油烹蒯徹，正所謂兔死狐悲。”后來(lái)，人們引用“兔死狐悲”這個(gè)成語(yǔ)，來(lái)比喻因同類(lèi)的死亡或失敗而感到悲傷。現(xiàn)在多用于貶義。

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