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不要胡亂報(bào)奧數(shù)班，真正能提高數(shù)學(xué)成績的是2種訓(xùn)練

出處：寶媽網(wǎng) 日期：2025-05-04 02:17:51 編輯：星辰

瑞典卡羅林斯卡學(xué)院團(tuán)隊(duì)的一項(xiàng)大型研究表明，與專注于空間思維培訓(xùn)的孩子相比，那些練習(xí)視覺記憶和推理任務(wù)的孩子在數(shù)學(xué)技能方面提高得更多。這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《自然人類行為》雜志上。很多研究都把空間能力——即理解和記住物體之間空間關(guān)系的能力——與科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)方面的表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系起來。一些學(xué)校將空間練習(xí)作為教學(xué)的一部分。然而，先前評估空間訓(xùn)練對學(xué)習(xí)成績影響的研究結(jié)果好壞參半，一些研究顯示空間訓(xùn)練有顯著改善，另一些則根本沒有效果。在新研究中，超過17000名6-8歲的瑞典學(xué)生，在7周的時(shí)間里，每天完成20或33分鐘的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練。在第1周，孩子們進(jìn)行了相同的練習(xí)，之后他們被隨機(jī)分成5個(gè)不同訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃小組。在所有的小組中，孩子們花費(fèi)大約一半的時(shí)間在數(shù)學(xué)數(shù)軸任務(wù)上，剩余的時(shí)間被隨機(jī)分配到不同比例的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練，包括旋轉(zhuǎn)任務(wù)、視覺工作記憶任務(wù)或非語言推理任務(wù)。孩子們在第1周、第5周和第7周進(jìn)行了測試。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，所有小組的數(shù)學(xué)成績都有所提高，但推理訓(xùn)練的積極影響最大，其次是工作記憶任務(wù)。在提高數(shù)學(xué)能力方面，推理和記憶訓(xùn)練都明顯優(yōu)于旋轉(zhuǎn)訓(xùn)練。他們還觀察到，認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練的益處在個(gè)體之間可能有3倍的差異。

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