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寶寶吃手莫驚慌 是智力發(fā)育的信號

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2013-11-05 11:18:44編輯：Chen

 吃東西是人的本能，就算是一個剛剛出生、什么都還不知道的寶寶，第一件知道做的事情就是吸吮。而到幾個月大之后，寶定手部能自由活動之后，不管餓不餓，TA們都喜歡把手往嘴里塞，好像特“享受”那種吸吮手指的過程。

雖說寶寶吃手是一個很常見的事（因為每一個孩子都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷）。但必竟這是一個極其不衛(wèi)生的習(xí)慣，所以大多數(shù)家長看到孩子吃手時，都會第一時間去阻止。

不過對于孩子愛吃手的這個“壞習(xí)慣”，專家卻給予了一個讓我們震驚的回答。專家說：嬰兒與幼兒吮吸手指的意義是不同的。嬰兒時期吮吸手指是嬰兒智力發(fā)展的一個信號，是嬰兒進(jìn)入手指功能分化和手眼協(xié)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備階段的標(biāo)志之一。家長不要輕易打攪孩子的快樂。

通常新生兒只會雙手握拳，胡亂揮舞，其大腦尚不能指揮把自己的手放入嘴中。到2個月至3個月時，隨著大腦的發(fā)育，嬰兒逐步學(xué)會兩個動作：一個是用眼睛盯著自己的手看，另一個便是吮吸自己的手指。對于他們來說，吮指是一種學(xué)習(xí)和玩耍。

起初他們只是將整個手放到嘴里，接著是吮吸兩三個手指，最后發(fā)展到只吮吸1個手指，從笨拙地吮吸整只手，發(fā)展到靈巧地吮吸某一個手指，這說明嬰兒支配自己行為的能力大有提高。吮吸手指動作，促使嬰兒手、眼協(xié)調(diào)行動，為5個月左右學(xué)會準(zhǔn)確抓握玩具打下了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。

 
 

另外，這一時期的嬰兒主要是通過嘴來了解外界，嬰兒認(rèn)為手也是外界的東西，所以總愛將它塞進(jìn)嘴里吮吸感知。

隨著嬰兒動作的迅速發(fā)展，他們逐步學(xué)會自由地坐、爬、站等，手指的動作也愈加精細(xì)，當(dāng)長到能單獨玩玩具的時候，孩子吮吸手指的現(xiàn)象自然會大大減少。此外，細(xì)心的父母可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子在吮吸手指的時候，通常是非常安靜，不哭也不鬧。

實際上，有時嬰兒還以吮吸手指來穩(wěn)定自身的情緒，這說明嬰兒吮吸手指對他們的心理發(fā)育也起著重要的作用。因此，對于嬰兒吮吸手指，父母不必焦慮煩惱，更不用強行制止。如果孩子的行為實在過于頻繁，父母可以經(jīng)常對孩子的小手進(jìn)行撫摩、擺動，以轉(zhuǎn)移其吮吸手指的注意力;會拿玩具時可把玩具放入他的手中，逗引他搖動、擺弄玩具，把嬰兒的雙手占住，使他無暇去吮吸手指。

同時提醒家長，家長需要做的是保持嬰兒小手干凈，保持嬰兒口唇周圍清潔干燥以免發(fā)生濕疹。如果孩子到了三四歲，仍然經(jīng)常吮吸手指，就可視為一種不良行為，需細(xì)心了解形成原因耐心糾正。

本文由媽媽育兒網(wǎng)（http://15thirdstreetblackrock.com/）小編編輯整理

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