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從“喂飯教育”來看中式和美式的教育差異(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2012-12-12 11:38:38編輯：Chen

接著，我們看美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)怎么教孩子吃飯

1、美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)不逼孩子吃飯

美國(guó)的家長(zhǎng)也關(guān)心孩子一天的飲食，但跟中國(guó)父母相比，真是天壤之別。美國(guó)人從不硬逼孩子多吃飯，更絕對(duì)想不到給孩子吃燕窩，因?yàn)榇笕艘膊怀?。受教育程度高的美?guó)家庭，會(huì)主動(dòng)給孩子補(bǔ)鈣，也都嚴(yán)禁孩子喝可口可樂等軟飲料，還不許多吃糖。不同的是，美國(guó)孩子從能夠拿得動(dòng)勺子那一天起，就開始自己吃飯了，即使弄得滿臉滿身，家長(zhǎng)也不會(huì)去管。

2、美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)不給孩子做飯

而且，美國(guó)孩子從上小學(xué)一年級(jí)開始，每天中午就在學(xué)校吃午飯，根本不會(huì)有家長(zhǎng)跑回家給孩子做飯。家庭貧窮的學(xué)生在可以在學(xué)校領(lǐng)免費(fèi)午餐。孩子在學(xué)校想吃什么不想吃什么，都是自己決定，家長(zhǎng)看不見也不知道。中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的孩子會(huì)帶飯到學(xué)校，大多數(shù)是一片三明治，一瓶果汁再加一塊甜點(diǎn)。孩子怎么吃，吃了多少，又丟掉多少，家長(zhǎng)一無所知，也根本不問。

從“喂飯教育”來看中國(guó)和美國(guó)的教育差異
 

2、美國(guó)孩子吃什么自己決定

美國(guó)家庭吃飯，桌上擺幾樣菜，孩子喜歡吃哪樣或者不喜歡吃哪樣，都由自己決定。美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)把孩子當(dāng)做跟自己平等的人，尊重孩子個(gè)人的意愿。事實(shí)上，幾乎所有美國(guó)孩子都不喜歡吃青菜，有的美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)會(huì)要求孩子吃一些，如果孩子堅(jiān)持不吃，也就不吃了。盡管美國(guó)父母也知道青菜的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，但他們絕對(duì)不會(huì)強(qiáng)迫孩子去吃。

美國(guó)孩子吃飯，自己說吃飽了，就可以立即放下刀叉，甚至離開飯桌。美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)不會(huì)在孩子說吃飽后，還連哄帶騙的逼孩子多吃幾口才許離桌。

3、美國(guó)的家長(zhǎng)教育注重培養(yǎng)孩子的獨(dú)立思維

美國(guó)人在吃飯這件事上的態(tài)度和作法，體現(xiàn)了美國(guó)兒童教育學(xué)的一個(gè)核心目標(biāo)：培養(yǎng)孩子獨(dú)立思維的能力。孩子吃飯，必須自己決定喜歡吃什么，不喜歡吃什么，或者自己是否吃飽。如果明明沒有吃飽，而是為了貪玩而不再吃，那么過一會(huì)兒他挨餓，就活該了。

因?yàn)槟鞘撬约旱倪x擇，他必須自己承受后果，真正嘗到苦處，下一次就不會(huì)重犯。美國(guó)人愛說，犯錯(cuò)誤是一個(gè)不可缺少的學(xué)習(xí)過程，兒童教育學(xué)對(duì)這一認(rèn)識(shí)尤其重視。

美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)相信，孩子的生活是孩子自己的生活，不管現(xiàn)在還是將來，孩子只能過自己獨(dú)立的生活。所以必須盡早培養(yǎng)孩子獨(dú)立生活的能力。與此相反，中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)則認(rèn)為孩子年紀(jì)尚小，缺乏生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，沒有能力做出正確選擇，所以父母必須替孩子做決定。比如孩子們不喜歡吃青菜，那大人肯定會(huì)逼著他們吃；孩子才吃一碗飯，大人就一定要逼他們?cè)俣喑浴?/p>

最后，我們來反思下中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)教育

1、中美家長(zhǎng)教育方式的結(jié)果有什么區(qū)別

在這樣兩種不同生活環(huán)境里，美國(guó)孩子可能免不了經(jīng)常挨餓，中國(guó)孩子從早到晚肚子都飽飽的。美國(guó)孩子因?yàn)椴怀郧嗖?，營(yíng)養(yǎng)要靠維他命補(bǔ)充，中國(guó)孩子營(yíng)養(yǎng)在飯萊里都吃夠了，要補(bǔ)的只有燕窩和人參。美國(guó)孩子從小懂得，自己應(yīng)該決定要什么，不要什么，是饑還是飽；中國(guó)孩子從小明白，大人知道的事情比小孩子多，所以時(shí)時(shí)處處要聽大人話。

美國(guó)孩子從小有什么說什么，不想吃就說不吃，吃飽了就說吃飽了，他們有充分的自信，也能得到父母的信任；中國(guó)的孩子從小明白，自己說什么也不會(huì)被信任，時(shí)時(shí)刻刻要等待大人的命令。每天都要討好大人，不喜歡吃也說真好吃，吃飽了也說還要吃。

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