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智力題大全及答案——經(jīng)典智力大全(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2010-04-28 14:48:25編輯：admin

 
第二部分題目開始：

智力題1(海盜分金幣)——海盜分金幣

5個(gè)海盜搶得100枚金幣后，討論如何進(jìn)行公正分配。他們商定的分配原則是：
（1）抽簽確定各人的分配順序號(hào)碼（1，2，3，4，5）；
（2）由抽到1號(hào)簽的海盜提出分配方案，然后5人進(jìn)行表決，如果方案得到超過半數(shù)的人同意，就按照他的方案進(jìn)行分配，否則就將1號(hào)扔進(jìn)大海喂鯊魚；
（3）如果1號(hào)被扔進(jìn)大海，則由2號(hào)提出分配方案，然后由剩余的4人進(jìn)行表決，當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)超過半數(shù)的人同意時(shí)，才會(huì)按照他的提案進(jìn)行分配，否則也將被扔入大海；
（4）依此類推。
這里假設(shè)每一個(gè)海盜都是絕頂聰明而理性，他們都能夠進(jìn)行嚴(yán)密的邏輯推理，并能很理智的判斷自身的得失，即能夠在保住性命的前提下得到最多的金幣。同時(shí)還假設(shè)每一輪表決后的結(jié)果都能順利得到執(zhí)行，那么抽到1號(hào)的海盜應(yīng)該提出怎樣的分配方案才能使自己既不被扔進(jìn)海里，又可以得到更多的金幣呢？

智力題2(猜牌問題)

S 先生、P先生、Q先生他們知道桌子的抽屜里有16張撲克牌：紅桃A、Q、4 黑桃J、8、4、2、7、3 草花K、Q、5、4、6 方塊A、5。約翰教授從這16張牌中挑出一張牌來，并把這張牌的點(diǎn)數(shù)告訴 P先生，把這張牌的花色告訴Q先生。這時(shí)，約翰教授問P先生和Q 先生：你們能從已知的點(diǎn)數(shù)或花色中推知這張牌是什么牌嗎？于是，S先生聽到如下的對(duì)話：
P先生：我不知道這張牌。
Q先生：我知道你不知道這張牌。
P先生：現(xiàn)在我知道這張牌了。
Q先生：我也知道了。
聽罷以上的對(duì)話，S先生想了一想之后，就正確地推出這張牌是什么牌。
請(qǐng)問：這張牌是什么牌？

智力題3(燃繩問題)
燒一根不均勻的繩，從頭燒到尾總共需要1個(gè)小時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在有若干條材質(zhì)相同的繩子，問如何用燒繩的方法來計(jì)時(shí)一個(gè)小時(shí)十五分鐘呢？

智力題4(乒乓球問題)

假設(shè)排列著100個(gè)乒乓球，由兩個(gè)人輪流拿球裝入口袋，能拿到第100個(gè)乒乓球的人為勝利者。條件是：每次拿球者至少要拿1個(gè)，但最多不能超過5個(gè)，問：如果你是最先拿球的人，你該拿幾個(gè)？以后怎么拿就能保證你能得到第100個(gè)乒乓球？

智力題5(喝汽水問題)
1元錢一瓶汽水，喝完后兩個(gè)空瓶換一瓶汽水，問：你有20元錢，最多可以喝到幾瓶汽水？

智力題6(分割金條)
你讓工人為你工作7天，給工人的回報(bào)是一根金條。金條平分成相連的7段，你必須在每天結(jié)束時(shí)給他們一段金條，如果只許你兩次把金條弄斷，你如何給你的工人付費(fèi)？

智力題7(鬼谷考徒)
孫臏，龐涓都是鬼谷子的徒弟；一天鬼出了這道題目：他從2到99中選出兩個(gè)不同的整數(shù)，把積告訴孫，把和告訴龐。
龐說：我雖然不能確定這兩個(gè)數(shù)是什么，但是我肯定你也不知道這兩個(gè)數(shù)是什么。
孫說：我本來的確不知道，但是聽你這么一說，我現(xiàn)在能夠確定這兩個(gè)數(shù)字了。
龐說：既然你這么說，我現(xiàn)在也知道這兩個(gè)數(shù)字是什么了。
問這兩個(gè)數(shù)字是什么？為什么？

智力題8(舀酒難題)
據(jù)說有人給酒肆的老板娘出了一個(gè)難題：此人明明知道店里只有兩個(gè)舀酒的勺子，分別能舀7兩和11兩酒，卻硬要老板娘賣給他2兩酒。聰明的老板娘毫不含糊，用這兩個(gè)勺子在酒缸里舀酒，并倒來倒去，居然量出了2兩酒，聰明的你能做到嗎？

智力題9(五個(gè)囚犯)——一道真正難倒億人的智力題,這是微軟的面試題。
5個(gè)囚犯，分別按1-5號(hào)在裝有100顆綠豆的麻袋抓綠豆，規(guī)定每人至少抓一顆，而抓得最多和最少的人將被處死，而且，他們之間不能交流，但在抓的時(shí)候，可以摸出剩下的豆子數(shù)。問他們中誰的存活機(jī)率最大？？
提示：
1，他們都是很聰明的人
2，他們的原則是先求保命，再去多殺人
3，100顆不必都分完
4，若有重復(fù)的情況，則也算最大或最小，一并處死

智力題10(國王與預(yù)言家)

在臨上刑場(chǎng)前，國王對(duì)預(yù)言家說：“你不是很會(huì)預(yù)言嗎？你怎么不能預(yù)言到你今天要被處死呢？我給你一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，你可以預(yù)言一下今天我將如何處死你。你如果預(yù)言對(duì)了，我就讓你服毒死；否則，我就絞死你。”
但是聰明的預(yù)言家的回答，使得國王無論如何也無法將他處死。
請(qǐng)問，他是如何預(yù)言的？

智力題11（奇怪的村莊）
某地有兩個(gè)奇怪的村莊，張莊的人在星期一、三、五說謊，李村的人在星期二、四、六說謊。在其他日子他們說實(shí)話。一天，外地的王從明來到這里，見到兩個(gè)人，分別向他們提出關(guān)于日期的題。兩個(gè)人都說：”前天是我說謊的日子。”
如果被問的兩個(gè)人分別來自張莊和李村，那么這一天是星期幾？

智力題12(誰偷了船長(zhǎng)的戒指.?)
英國貨船”伊麗莎白”號(hào)，首次遠(yuǎn)航日本。清晨，貨船進(jìn)人日本領(lǐng)海，船長(zhǎng)大衛(wèi)剛起床便去布置進(jìn)港事宜，將一枚鉆石戒指遺忘在船長(zhǎng)室里。
15分鐘以后，他回到船長(zhǎng)室時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)那枚戒指不見了。船長(zhǎng)立即把當(dāng)時(shí)正在值班的大副、水手、旗手和廚師找來盤問，然而這幾名船員都否認(rèn)進(jìn)過船長(zhǎng)室。
各人都聲稱自己當(dāng)時(shí)不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
大副:”我因?yàn)樗牧搜坨R，回到房間里去換了一副，當(dāng)時(shí)我肯定在自己的房間里。”
水手:”當(dāng)時(shí)我正忙著打撈救生圈。”
旗手:”我把旗掛倒了，當(dāng)時(shí)我正在把旗子重新掛好，”
廚師:”當(dāng)時(shí)我正修理電冰箱。”
“難道戒指飛了?”平時(shí)便愛好偵探故事的大衛(wèi)根據(jù)他們各自的陳述和相互作證的情況，略–思索，便找出了說謊者。事實(shí)證明，這個(gè)說謊者就是罪犯!

智力題13(稱球問題)
12個(gè)球和一個(gè)天平，現(xiàn)知道只有一個(gè)和其它的重量不同，問怎樣稱才能用三次就找到那個(gè)球？（注意此題并未說明那個(gè)球的重量是輕是重，所以需要仔細(xì)考慮)（下一頁答案）

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