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怎樣消除小孩的恐懼心理 教你5個(gè)方法克服兒童恐懼癥

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2021-09-24 12:15:23編輯：森林
生活中，部分孩子因?yàn)槟承┰蛟谛睦砩蠒?huì)產(chǎn)生恐懼，不敢面對(duì)大環(huán)境，也不愛跟別人接觸，嚴(yán)重的甚至一點(diǎn)風(fēng)吹草動(dòng)都會(huì)“草木皆兵”，這就是心理學(xué)上所說的恐懼心理。想要幫助孩子克服心理恐懼，首先家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該先了解一下導(dǎo)致孩子產(chǎn)生心理恐懼的原因，并且再根據(jù)孩子的情況進(jìn)行改善。那么，怎樣幫助孩子消除恐懼心理呢？
孩子產(chǎn)生心理恐懼的原因
　　1、寶寶自身經(jīng)歷帶來的恐懼
　　想必大家都聽說過這么一句話“一朝被蛇咬十年怕井繩”，其實(shí)這句話同樣適用于兒童心理恐懼這一現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)寶寶在成長(zhǎng)過程中遇到過外界的不良刺激，就會(huì)在腦海中留下深刻的恐懼印象。
 
　　2、外界環(huán)境的突發(fā)變化
　　對(duì)于有些寶寶來說，她們對(duì)于環(huán)境的變化會(huì)顯得尤為的敏感，對(duì)于新環(huán)境很難有較快的適應(yīng)能力。這里的新環(huán)境不但指的是地方環(huán)境的變化，比如從幼兒園到小學(xué)，同時(shí)也包括事物環(huán)境的變化，比如爸爸媽媽突然生病等的變化。
 
　　3、寶寶自身知識(shí)及生活常識(shí)的不足
　　由于寶寶還未對(duì)世界的各項(xiàng)事物、情感產(chǎn)生基礎(chǔ)的認(rèn)知，所以她們就會(huì)對(duì)一些自然規(guī)律產(chǎn)生恐懼。這些恐懼包括有害怕黑夜、害怕面對(duì)親人的死亡等等。
 
　　4、受他人恐懼的影響
　　有些寶寶會(huì)對(duì)別人面對(duì)恐懼事物表現(xiàn)出的恐懼樣子印象深刻，甚至將其演變成自己的恐懼事物。比如如果母親害怕貓的話，久而久之當(dāng)貓一靠近的時(shí)候，寶寶也會(huì)害怕貓。
 
　　5、泛化的事物恐懼
　　這主要是指有些寶寶會(huì)將對(duì)某些恐懼的事物泛化到與之較為相似或類似的事物上。比如有些寶寶會(huì)害怕警察，繼而發(fā)展到害怕穿類似警察制服的人員。
怎樣消除小孩的恐懼心理 教你5個(gè)方法克服兒童恐懼癥
怎樣消除小孩的恐懼心理？只要掌握以下的這些科學(xué)方法，就可以幫助寶寶克服及改善恐懼狀態(tài)：
怎樣消除小孩的恐懼心理 教你5個(gè)方法克服兒童恐懼癥
　　1、系統(tǒng)脫敏法
　　這種方法是最為直接有效的方法。這種治療辦法主要是讓孩子暴露在引起恐懼的事物當(dāng)中，讓孩子逐漸的接受環(huán)境因素導(dǎo)致的刺激，這樣會(huì)對(duì)事物的敏感度降低，直到完全不害怕的狀態(tài)。
 
　　2、主動(dòng)適應(yīng)法
　　這種方法主要是解決寶寶對(duì)于新環(huán)境或問題的變化所帶來的疑問和恐懼，比如教會(huì)寶寶這種變化是為了學(xué)習(xí)新技能，是為了交往到更多的好朋友等等。讓寶寶對(duì)其所害怕的事物進(jìn)行理解，了解其存在的必要性以及克服它的必要性。
 
　　3、科學(xué)教育法
　　對(duì)于由于缺乏相應(yīng)知識(shí)而產(chǎn)生恐懼的事物，爸爸媽媽只需要培養(yǎng)寶寶以科學(xué)的方式去認(rèn)知世界即可。比如寶寶害怕蜜蜂，爸爸媽媽就可以告訴寶寶蜜蜂是益蟲，它們只會(huì)在受到傷害的時(shí)候才攻擊人。
 
　　4、注意力轉(zhuǎn)移法
　　此法比較適用于寶寶處于恐懼狀態(tài)難以自拔、情緒不受控的時(shí)候，轉(zhuǎn)移注意力可以讓寶寶盡快忘卻恐懼，保持心情愉悅。其實(shí)任何的恐懼處理方法都不如提早預(yù)防來得恰當(dāng)。
 
　　5、飲食改善
　　根據(jù)相關(guān)研究，飲食能讓人產(chǎn)生幸福及安全感，恐懼心理可以利用飲食的辦法來進(jìn)行緩解例如吃些零食或是孩子喜歡吃的東西。另外，在平常的時(shí)候，孩子的營(yíng)養(yǎng)方面也是非常重要的，建議家長(zhǎng)可以多給孩子吃一些新鮮蔬菜和水果，這些水果當(dāng)中蘊(yùn)含豐富的維生素，能夠幫助孩子緩解恐懼。
怎樣消除小孩的恐懼心理 教你5個(gè)方法克服兒童恐懼癥
如果孩子有恐懼癥，作為家長(zhǎng)一定要多加注意并且?guī)椭纳?，因?yàn)榭謶中睦砣绻貌坏郊m正是會(huì)影響孩子的一生。在改善的過程中，家長(zhǎng)一定要耐得住性子，不要總是以自身角度“理所當(dāng)然”，如果有必要的話，最好尋求專業(yè)醫(yī)師的幫助。

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