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寶寶不愛說話怎么辦？聰明的媽媽這樣做，讓寶寶愛上說話

出處：@沫沫的歲月靜好日期：2024-06-12 11:20:01編輯：小編

彤彤媽媽最近有些焦慮，她家小彤彤馬上就2歲了，真的是惜字如金，平日里幾乎不張口，用咿咿呀呀和嗯嗯哈哈以及小手點(diǎn)來指去和家人進(jìn)行交流。

彤彤媽媽回憶說，彤彤剛出生不過百天，彤彤媽媽礙于生活的壓力，不得不去工作，把彤彤交給彤彤奶奶代為照顧。

彤彤奶奶屬于比較內(nèi)向的性格，平日里言語就不多。按照彤彤媽媽的說法，當(dāng)年她作為彤彤爸爸的女朋友第一次去家里，老兩口對她也幾乎沒有任何交流，只是簡單地笑笑而已。當(dāng)時(shí)還以為是老兩口對她不滿意，后來才知道，就是很不愛講話的性格而已。

好在婆家對她很真誠，彤彤爸爸對她也很好，這才逐步走進(jìn)婚姻生活。

照顧彤彤，老兩口也真的是盡心盡責(zé)，事無巨細(xì)的關(guān)照，可就是沒有太多的語言交流，所以當(dāng)彤彤在襁褓中的時(shí)候還沒有太多的問題，隨著孩子逐漸長大，彤彤也表現(xiàn)出不愛說話，習(xí)慣于用動(dòng)作來替代語言，并且比較內(nèi)向，對比于和小朋友們一起玩耍，她更樂意自己在家里玩積木。

彤彤媽媽分析的也不是沒有道理，只不過，從彤彤在襁褓中開始，問題就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了。

要知道，孩子語言的發(fā)育，離不開照顧人用心的語言輸入。也就是說，嬰兒獲得的詞匯量的多少，很大程度上取決于媽媽對寶寶說話的數(shù)量。

嬰兒語言學(xué)習(xí)的第一個(gè)必經(jīng)階段：大量的語言輸入

專家發(fā)現(xiàn)，嬰兒腦內(nèi)的“聽覺地圖”大概在1歲左右完成，在這個(gè)期間，給嬰兒輸送越多有意義的聲音，越能促進(jìn)嬰兒腦內(nèi)主管聽覺的神經(jīng)元的敏感性。即便他們對成人的話聽不懂，但也不妨礙他們強(qiáng)大的學(xué)習(xí)能力。

因此，為嬰兒提供豐富的視覺和聽覺刺激，盡可能地多和寶寶說話，讓寶寶逐漸把語言和日常生活聯(lián)系起來，就是對語言的儲(chǔ)備，對寶寶即將到來的語言飛躍期做好準(zhǔn)備。

所以從嬰兒出生開始，大量地聽各種簡單和復(fù)雜的語音和句子輸入，就是嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的第一個(gè)必經(jīng)階段。

嬰兒語言學(xué)習(xí)的第二個(gè)必經(jīng)階段：開始嘗試語言輸出

語言輸出其實(shí)就是寶寶伴隨著發(fā)音器官的逐漸成熟，開始嘗試用語言來表達(dá)自己，從簡單的單音到雙音，再到簡單句、復(fù)雜句的一個(gè)過程。

這個(gè)階段的父母或者嬰兒看護(hù)人有一個(gè)需要注意的細(xì)節(jié)：盡量不要對寶寶用太多的“奶話”。“奶話”和“兒語”也是有本質(zhì)區(qū)別的，“兒語”可以刺激孩子的發(fā)音，“奶話”則不利于寶寶的語言發(fā)展。

比如看見狗，說“貓貓”是兒語，教給孩子“喵喵”就是奶話；讓寶寶喝水，說“喝水水”還好，非要強(qiáng)調(diào)說“咕咚咕咚”；對比之下，“奶話”可能比較生動(dòng)有趣直截了當(dāng)，更符合寶寶的喜好；但實(shí)際上，對于寶寶來講，記住“貓咪”或“貓貓”和記住“喵喵”是需要幾乎同樣的時(shí)間，而前者更能強(qiáng)調(diào)孩子的抽象思維能力的培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展。

所以，家庭成員間規(guī)范的句子和對話，更有利于寶寶理解和正確的輸出語言，引導(dǎo)孩子向更高階段發(fā)展。

嬰兒語言學(xué)習(xí)的第三個(gè)必經(jīng)階段：鼓勵(lì)寶寶多說話

語言都是練出來的，所謂“出口成章”一定要有無數(shù)的積累才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

所以父母一定要鼓勵(lì)寶寶多說話，多練習(xí)。需要注意的是，不要嘲笑寶寶奇怪的發(fā)音，更不要重復(fù)寶寶錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)音。

有時(shí)候?qū)殞殑傞_始講話，可能發(fā)音上會(huì)有一些小問題，聽起來比較費(fèi)力，這時(shí)因?yàn)閷殞毜陌l(fā)音器官發(fā)育還不夠完善，聽覺的分辨能力和發(fā)音器官的調(diào)節(jié)能力都比較弱而導(dǎo)致的。

這時(shí)父母要多聽、多揣測寶寶想要表達(dá)的意思、多鼓勵(lì)孩子用其他方式來表達(dá)就好。而不是嘲笑寶寶的發(fā)音，再反復(fù)地講給其他人聽。父母可能是覺得好玩而已，但對于寶寶來講，無異于是一種“羞辱”，他會(huì)在不知不覺中不樂意講話，拒絕當(dāng)眾發(fā)言。

還有一個(gè)在寶寶語言表達(dá)輸出期非常重要的問題：父母不要太勤快，事事代勞。

比如寶寶玩了半天渴了，他還沒有來得及說“渴了想喝水”，父母已經(jīng)把水壺舉到了寶寶面前：“寶貝渴了吧，快喝水。”白白浪費(fèi)掉寶寶的語言訓(xùn)練機(jī)會(huì)。

鼓勵(lì)寶寶多說，等待寶寶自己表達(dá)出來自己的需求，對于父母來講，也是一種定力的培養(yǎng)。

至于彤彤媽媽的焦慮，2歲的彤彤雖然不愿意多說話，但是現(xiàn)在開始訓(xùn)練并非來不及。

老人可能無法完成這樣的“工作”，那么爸爸媽媽一定不能“偷懶”，下班到家多和寶寶交流溝通，鼓勵(lì)孩子自己講一講自己一天的生活；或者引導(dǎo)寶寶觀察一些花草魚蟲等動(dòng)植物，讓寶寶通過觀察說出這些事物的變化等等。

另外，在寶寶睡前的親子時(shí)光，一定要及時(shí)把睡前閱讀加上，陪伴孩子讀讀故事或者聽聽繪本，都是很好的方法，有助于寶寶的語言發(fā)展哦！

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