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快速提升自閉癥孩子專(zhuān)注力，掌握這些技巧就夠了！

出處：@杜佳楣講孤獨(dú)癥日期：2024-08-20 03:29:04編輯：網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集

孩子注意力不好，是很多家長(zhǎng)經(jīng)常提到的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

提高孩子注意力的方法有很多，像我們MUST課程里面講到的躲貓貓注視法、面對(duì)面注視法、呼之應(yīng)答注視法、隨機(jī)觀察融入法，動(dòng)作語(yǔ)言的理解和模仿訓(xùn)練等，都是提高孩子注意力效果很好的方法。

但并不是同一個(gè)方法就適用于所有孩子，由于引起每個(gè)孩子注意力分散的原因不同，這就需要我們結(jié)合實(shí)際情況，對(duì)癥下藥。

今天就和大家分享幾個(gè)改善孩子注意力的好方法，家長(zhǎng)們可以視具體情況靈活運(yùn)用。

01

利用興趣點(diǎn)

利用孩子感興趣的物品如食品、玩具等一切他感興趣的東西，訓(xùn)練時(shí)可在孩子玩他喜歡的玩具時(shí)叫他的名字，如此時(shí)他無(wú)反應(yīng)可拿起他玩的玩具，放在他的眼前，再逐漸的將玩具移到你的臉前，讓他注意你。

煊煊小時(shí)候的注意力相當(dāng)差，特別愛(ài)“管閑事”，任何動(dòng)靜他都要去過(guò)問(wèn)一下，讓我頭疼了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，慶幸的是，美食是她的致命誘惑，你只要一說(shuō)吃的名字，她都會(huì)立刻去看，反應(yīng)特別快，在上課過(guò)程中利用食物吸引注意力，效果特別好。

02

趣味化

就是將訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容趣味化，引起孩子的興趣。如我們把訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容加到游戲中，或者以圖畫(huà)的書(shū)面形式將訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容融進(jìn)去。如伸手指就可以在手指操的過(guò)程中去教學(xué)。

例如，一天煊煊一直盯著玩具飛機(jī)，我就拿過(guò)來(lái)和她玩，在玩的過(guò)程中和她仿說(shuō)短句“媽媽?zhuān)乙骘w機(jī)”，聲音和清晰度都要比之前好很多。

03

控制訓(xùn)練時(shí)間，及時(shí)調(diào)整

每個(gè)人都有厭倦期，一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容做的時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)也會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子注意力分散。這時(shí)，我們要及時(shí)調(diào)整訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容，可以兩項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)內(nèi)容穿插做，或者在過(guò)程中穿插做小游戲。

有一個(gè)孩子最喜歡“一二三，砍三刀”和“拉大鋸，扯大鋸”這兩個(gè)小游戲，那么我們就可以在課間，利用小游戲幫他調(diào)節(jié)情緒，注意力方面也會(huì)有所改善。

04

聽(tīng)覺(jué)跟蹤

利用聽(tīng)覺(jué)，在不同的方位制造聲響，讓孩子尋找聲音方向。如初期可利用鈴鐺，將鈴鐺放在孩子左、右、前、后和頭的上方搖動(dòng)，讓他指出鈴聲的方向。

05

視覺(jué)追蹤

讓孩子看著一個(gè)光源，將光源向孩子的左、右、上、下四個(gè)方向移動(dòng)，訓(xùn)練其視線隨之移動(dòng)的能力。如拿著玩具故意放在孩子不同的方位，令其追蹤或放在較遠(yuǎn)的方位，讓孩子去尋找等。

平時(shí)上課過(guò)程中，我們除了利用撿物品、拼圖、搭積木、數(shù)數(shù)字、打地鼠等方法，來(lái)提高孩子注意力，我們還可以利用一些游戲，來(lái)提供孩子的注意力！

游戲1

“什么東西不見(jiàn)了”

效果：鍛煉視覺(jué)注意力

1. 在桌上擺放幾件玩具，如布娃娃、玩具熊、小皮球、積木。

2. 讓孩子說(shuō)出玩具的名稱(chēng)，并在短時(shí)間內(nèi)記住。

3. 讓孩子閉上眼睛，家長(zhǎng)拿走其中一樣或幾樣玩具，再讓孩子睜開(kāi)眼睛，問(wèn)他：“什么東西不見(jiàn)了? ”讓孩子集中注意力去回憶。

4. 家長(zhǎng)和孩子互換角色玩，這個(gè)游戲和找積木一樣，可以鍛煉孩子在短時(shí)間內(nèi)集中注意力和抗干擾能力。

游戲2

“畫(huà)地圖”

效果：鍛煉視覺(jué)注意

1. 散步時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)和孩子一起指出沿途看到了什么，比如好朋友的家、水果店、郵局、超市、花園等建筑物，告訴孩子回家后我們要把散步時(shí)的路線圖畫(huà)下來(lái)。

2. 回家后，鼓勵(lì)孩子畫(huà)一張散步時(shí)的地圖，并注明沿途標(biāo)志物。

3. 孩子畫(huà)的同時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)也一起畫(huà)，等孩子畫(huà)完后，和孩子的地圖相比較，看誰(shuí)畫(huà)得準(zhǔn)確。

4. 如果此時(shí)孩子已準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識(shí)了紅、黃、綠等顏色，還可把各種顏色的木珠分開(kāi)，按一定的規(guī)律將同顏色的兩顆或三顆穿在一起，或一顆一顆間隔著穿。媽媽先穿好一串顏色間隔開(kāi)的珠子，讓孩子模仿，穿出一串相同顏色間隔的珠鏈。

游戲3

“穿木珠”

效果：鍛煉視覺(jué)注意和動(dòng)作注意

1. 準(zhǔn)備各種顏色的小木珠十幾顆和兩根細(xì)繩。

2. 家長(zhǎng)一手拿小木珠，一手拿線，邊穿邊說(shuō)：“看小木珠上有個(gè)小孔，線從這頭穿進(jìn)去，從那頭穿出來(lái)，一個(gè)一個(gè)穿起來(lái)，變成一串小手鏈，套在手腕上，真好看！”

3. 讓孩子自己動(dòng)手穿木珠，孩子穿的過(guò)程中，家長(zhǎng)在一旁要多多鼓勵(lì)。

游戲4

“投球入瓶”

效果：鍛煉視覺(jué)注意和動(dòng)作注意

1. 準(zhǔn)備兩個(gè)瓶口較小的玻璃瓶以及幾十個(gè)彈珠。

2. 讓孩子把彈珠放進(jìn)瓶子里，越快越好。為了增加游戲的趣味，家長(zhǎng)和孩子一起比賽。

3. 如果孩子進(jìn)行得很順利，可增大游戲難度，如選擇瓶口更小的瓶子，改用勺子舀彈珠，來(lái)代替用手投放。

以上所有方法，對(duì)不同的自閉癥孩子會(huì)有不同效果，這就需要家長(zhǎng)平時(shí)要多觀察孩子，找到最適合孩子的方法，針對(duì)個(gè)別化情況及時(shí)變通，才能有效提升孩子注意力，幫助孩子更好的成長(zhǎng)。

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