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寶寶入園必須具備的3項(xiàng)基本能力(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2013-09-04 12:07:36編輯：Chen

2.交往能力：細(xì)心“診斷” 科學(xué)幫助 耐心等待

教子難題：“我的孩子在幼兒園里根本不說(shuō)話，他時(shí)時(shí)刻刻抱著玩具熊，總是孤零零一個(gè)人呆著，真愁死人了！”“孩子特別‘獨(dú)’，自己的玩具不給別人玩，還搶人家東西！”孩子入園后，交際能力方面的問(wèn)題不斷出現(xiàn)，“在家千日好，上幼兒園總有難題”成了多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)的感慨。

專家妙招：試試“診斷式教育”

在家里的時(shí)候，所有的大人圍著孩子轉(zhuǎn)，孩子在人際方面的問(wèn)題不突出；上幼兒園后，隨著跟同齡人交往增多，問(wèn)題就呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。這個(gè)時(shí)候就需要家長(zhǎng)像醫(yī)生一樣“診斷”孩子的“病因”，與老師及時(shí)溝通，合力解決，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地歸因?yàn)?ldquo;咱的孩子就不喜歡上幼兒園”甚至干脆退園。

那些“不說(shuō)話”的案例實(shí)際上是往往因?yàn)楹⒆有罗D(zhuǎn)到一個(gè)幼兒園后出現(xiàn)自卑、孤獨(dú)和不安全感。應(yīng)根據(jù)這些個(gè)案進(jìn)行針對(duì)性地引導(dǎo)，如：為孩子提供一個(gè)輕松的氛圍，家長(zhǎng)和老師可以“故意”不關(guān)注孩子“不說(shuō)話”的現(xiàn)象，讓他從“聽(tīng)”開(kāi)始，然后變?yōu)?ldquo;跟著老師思維走”，再到他突然有一天情不自禁回答老師的提問(wèn)，接著，老師可以鼓勵(lì)他每天為小朋友講故事，成為受小朋友喜歡的“故事大王”。

面對(duì)孩子的問(wèn)題，家長(zhǎng)要耐心找出原因，然后用科學(xué)的教育方法因勢(shì)利導(dǎo)去解決。80后的父母有時(shí)候會(huì)有些極端，寵孩子的時(shí)候接近溺愛(ài)； 發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子有問(wèn)題，又急于解決，常常有情緒化的現(xiàn)象。家長(zhǎng)要容許孩子出現(xiàn)失誤，并給孩子一定的時(shí)間解決問(wèn)題。

如果家長(zhǎng)覺(jué)得自己沒(méi)有‘診斷’和解決能力，那 么可以請(qǐng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的幼教老師幫忙。家長(zhǎng)需要注意的是，控制自己急躁的情緒，耐心等待孩子改善，不要輕易給孩子‘貼標(biāo)簽’、‘下結(jié)論’。

3.行為規(guī)范：轉(zhuǎn)換方式 提要求不如提“問(wèn)題”

教子難題：“孩子總是把他的東西亂放，讓他物歸原位，他就像沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，批評(píng)他也不管用。”很多家長(zhǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，越要求孩子“有規(guī)矩”，孩子做得越不好，“是不是現(xiàn)在的孩子不好管了？”

專家妙招：把要求轉(zhuǎn)化為問(wèn)題

“家長(zhǎng)喜歡告訴孩子該怎么做，而且希望孩子立即就執(zhí)行。但是別忘了，您面對(duì)的是小孩子，他們不喜歡接受指令，你越批評(píng)，他們?cè)侥娣础Ｂ斆鞯募议L(zhǎng)需要學(xué)會(huì)把自己的要求轉(zhuǎn)化為和孩子一起解決的問(wèn)題。”李淑英建議道。

舉個(gè)例子，當(dāng)你希望孩子的書(shū)柜整齊有序，那么從擺放圖書(shū)時(shí)起，爸爸媽媽就應(yīng)通過(guò)提出問(wèn)題的方式讓孩子自己參與到規(guī)范化管理中來(lái)。“寶寶，你看，這本書(shū)應(yīng) 該放在哪兒？你給媽媽出個(gè)主意好嗎？”“書(shū)看完了，咱們把它放回哪兒去呢？它原來(lái)是在哪個(gè)位置的？”提出問(wèn)題，讓孩子自己解決，孩子不僅樂(lè)于參與，而且得到表?yè)P(yáng)時(shí)還會(huì)很有成就感。

最忌諱的就是家長(zhǎng)當(dāng)著孩子的面，一邊指責(zé)孩子把家里弄得很亂，一邊自己費(fèi)力收拾。這樣的結(jié)果就是孩子習(xí)慣了這種模式，對(duì)批評(píng)不痛不癢，對(duì)父母的辛苦無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。

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