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幼各小入學(xué)準備完全手冊(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2015-10-17 13:09:18編輯：Chen

良好習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)

習(xí)慣是兒童后天所養(yǎng)成的，在一定情況下自動化地去進行某種動作的特殊傾向。人們常說：播種行為，收獲習(xí)慣；播種習(xí)慣，收獲性格；播種性格，收獲命運。

良好的習(xí)慣是學(xué)生可持續(xù)發(fā)展的前提，它不僅是自身素質(zhì)的表現(xiàn)，更會影響孩子自身的發(fā)展。對剛?cè)雽W(xué)的孩子來說養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣比獲得知識重要得多，所以家長應(yīng)該配合學(xué)校重視孩子良好習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)。

1 、學(xué)習(xí)方面

孩子一上學(xué)就接受有目的、有計劃、有系統(tǒng)的正規(guī)學(xué)校教育，在教師的專門指導(dǎo)下進行學(xué)習(xí)。學(xué)習(xí)是他們的基本活動，上課是他們獲得知識、技能和培養(yǎng)品德的主要途徑。

上學(xué)之后他們是否愿學(xué)、愛學(xué)？能否學(xué)好？還是變得怕學(xué)習(xí)，厭惡學(xué)習(xí)？受著諸多因素的制約，涉及到學(xué)習(xí)興趣、欲望、態(tài)度、習(xí)慣和意志品質(zhì)等問題。那么，作為家長，可從以下幾點加以培養(yǎng)。

（1 ）培養(yǎng)孩子學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和求知欲

興趣是兒童對一定事物所抱的積極態(tài)度。它是兒童探究某種事物或從事某種活動的意識傾向。求知欲是兒童力求認識、探索客觀世界，渴望獲得知識和不斷追求真理并帶有強烈的情緒色彩的一種意向活動。

孩子對周圍不明白的事物或現(xiàn)象，總愛問個“是什么”、“為什么”，都想知道，都想懂得，這就是求知欲的表現(xiàn)。孩子一旦有了興趣和求知欲，就能對感興趣的事物進行積極地去探究，也就能自覺自愿，主動愉快地去學(xué)習(xí)。

所以說，興趣是孩子最好的老師，是他們探究新事物的動力，也是推動他們學(xué)習(xí)新知識和從事活動的一種精神力量。孩子上學(xué)的主要任務(wù)就是學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)的主要工具又是書本。

家長應(yīng)經(jīng)常提供一些課外書給孩子看，這是很有益處的?？梢愿嬖V孩子：“自己識了字，自己會看書，能懂得許許多多的道理，多好?。?rdquo;從而激發(fā)孩子熱愛書本的興趣。

（插入小故事1：曾經(jīng)有位家長對我說：“老師，我的孩子就愛看電視，就不愛看書，怎么辦？”我就笑著問她：“那你平時喜歡干什么？” “看電視呀 。”她不假思索回答，“一天干活累了不看電視干啥？”家長是孩子最好的老師，家長的言行舉止會成為孩子的榜樣。

所以，我建議家長們多看書、多看報，孩子看到您的行為，也會潛移默化，他們也會不自覺地想探究書報，想知道書報究竟有多大的魅力，讓我的爸爸媽媽那么入迷？”

（2 ）培養(yǎng)孩子正確的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度

興趣是學(xué)生喜歡學(xué)習(xí)的前提，但是學(xué)習(xí)好還必須有個正確的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，也就是對待學(xué)習(xí)認真負責，積極努力，不敷衍了事，馬馬虎虎不當回事。學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度端正與否，決定著學(xué)習(xí)的成績與效果。學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度端正的學(xué)生能夠按時上學(xué)，上課不早退、不遲到，遵守課堂紀律，專心聽講，積極思考和回答問題，按時做作業(yè)，認真復(fù)習(xí)等。

所以，平時要培養(yǎng)教育孩子在做好每一件事時都要講究認真、負責的態(tài)度，和孩子多交流，關(guān)心了解孩子，培養(yǎng)孩子能以積極的態(tài)度學(xué)習(xí)掌握知識與技能。

（小故事：從前教過一個部隊的孩子，他爸爸長期在下面部隊，媽媽就在我們學(xué)校，他從來沒有缺交過作業(yè)。記得有一天他發(fā)燒了，吃藥后就睡下了，但是他悄悄把鬧鐘頂在早上6點鐘。鬧鐘響后，他就爬了起來做作業(yè)。

當然，我們不主張帶病做事情，但是從小就具有這樣堅強的毅力，我想，在他以后的生活中，沒有他克服不了的困難?，F(xiàn)在，這位孩子已經(jīng)長大，在海南中學(xué)的高三，但是，已經(jīng)在寒假里已經(jīng)被清華大學(xué)提前錄取。

我們要善于在孩子的身邊發(fā)現(xiàn)一些榜樣，讓孩子從小有一個目標。另外，有一個農(nóng)墾大院的孩子，家里條件不是很好，但是，他有一位表姐已經(jīng)考上大學(xué)，家里經(jīng)常讓他與姐姐通信，放假期里讓他與大姐姐一起生活，一起玩耍。

孩子從姐姐的身上發(fā)現(xiàn)，姐姐不但寫有一手好字，愛看書，做事認真，善于觀察，善于思考，久而久之影響他的是良好的品質(zhì)，以積極上進的態(tài)度對待學(xué)習(xí)與生活，什么時間該做什么事情。同時肯定他是同時讓孩子樹立信心：我能行?。?/p>

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